Hyper-arousal (Criterion E, items 15-20, max score = 24).Negative alterations in cognition and mood (Criterion D, items 8-14, max score = 28).Avoidance (criterion C, items 6-7, max score = 8).Re-experiencing (criterion B, items 1-5, max score = 20).There are four subscales which match the four symptom clusters for PTSD within DSM-5: A normative percentile of 50 is indicative of an average score for someone who does not have PTSD, whereas a PTSD percentile of 50 is indicative of an average score for someone who is currently in care for PTSD. Percentiles are also presented for the total score in comparison to both a normative and clinical (PTSD) sample. Total scores can range from 0 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater PTSD symptom severity. The PCL-5 is widely used in clinical and research settings to screen for PTSD, assess symptom severity, and monitor treatment progress over time (Forkus et al., 2023). Individuals with hyperarousal symptoms may feel constantly on edge, as if they are in a state of heightened alertness or danger.
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